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A delusion [a] is a false fixed belief that is not amenable to change in light of conflicting evidence. [2] As a pathology, it is distinct from a belief based on false or incomplete information, confabulation, dogma, illusion, hallucination, or some other misleading effects of perception, as individuals with those beliefs are able to change or readjust their beliefs upon reviewing the evidence.
The delusion, if acted out, often leads to behaviors which are abnormal, and out of character, although perhaps understandable in light of the delusional beliefs. Other people who know the individual observe that the belief and behavior are uncharacteristic and alien. Additional characteristic of delusional disorder include the following: [17]
Persecutory delusions are persistent, distressing beliefs that one is being or will be harmed, that continue even when evidence of the contrary is presented. This condition is often seen in disorders like schizophrenia , schizoaffective disorder , delusional disorder , manic episodes of bipolar disorder , psychotic depression , and some ...
However, similar delusional beliefs, often singularly or more rarely reported, are sometimes also considered to be part of the delusional misidentification syndrome. For example: Mirrored-self misidentification is the belief that one's reflection in a mirror is some other person.
Ideas of reference and delusions of reference describe the phenomenon of an individual experiencing innocuous events or mere coincidences [1] and believing they have strong personal significance. [2] It is "the notion that everything one perceives in the world relates to one's own destiny", usually in a negative and hostile manner.
While non-delusional grandiose beliefs are somewhat common—occurring in at least 10% of the general population [3] —and often [vague] positively influence a person's self-esteem, in some cases they may cause a person distress, in which case such beliefs may be clinically evaluated and diagnosed as a psychiatric disorder.
A thought disorder (TD) is a disturbance in cognition which affects language, thought and communication. [1] [2] Psychiatric and psychological glossaries in 2015 and 2017 identified thought disorders as encompassing poverty of ideas, neologisms, paralogia (a reasoning disorder characterized by expression of illogical or delusional thoughts), word salad, and delusions—all disturbances of ...
A religious delusion is defined as a delusion, or fixed belief not amenable to change in light of conflicting evidence, involving religious themes or subject matter. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] Religious faith , meanwhile, is defined as a belief in a religious doctrine or higher power in the absence of evidence.