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Tukey's range test, also known as Tukey's test, Tukey method, Tukey's honest significance test, or Tukey's HSD (honestly significant difference) test, [1] is a single ...
This procedure is often used as a post-hoc test whenever a significant difference between three or more sample means has been revealed by an analysis of variance (ANOVA). [1] The Newman–Keuls method is similar to Tukey's range test as both procedures use studentized range statistics.
In a scientific study, post hoc analysis (from Latin post hoc, "after this") consists of statistical analyses that were specified after the data were seen. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] They are usually used to uncover specific differences between three or more group means when an analysis of variance (ANOVA) test is significant. [ 3 ]
In statistics, hypotheses suggested by a given dataset, when tested with the same dataset that suggested them, are likely to be accepted even when they are not true.This is because circular reasoning (double dipping) would be involved: something seems true in the limited data set; therefore we hypothesize that it is true in general; therefore we wrongly test it on the same, limited data set ...
Compact Letter Display (CLD) is a statistical method to clarify the output of multiple hypothesis testing when using the ANOVA and Tukey's range tests. CLD can also be applied following the Duncan's new multiple range test (which is similar to Tukey's range test).
The Šidák correction is derived by assuming that the individual tests are independent.Let the significance threshold for each test be ; then the probability that at least one of the tests is significant under this threshold is (1 - the probability that none of them are significant).
For example, Tukey's range test and Duncan's new multiple range test (MRT), in which the sample x 1, ..., x n is a sample of means and q is the basic test-statistic, can be used as post-hoc analysis to test between which two groups means there is a significant difference (pairwise comparisons) after rejecting the null hypothesis that all groups ...
The new multiple range test proposed by Duncan makes use of special protection levels based upon degrees of freedom. Let γ 2 , α = 1 − α {\displaystyle \gamma _{2,\alpha }={1-\alpha }} be the protection level for testing the significance of a difference between two means; that is, the probability that a significant difference between two ...