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Papilledema (right) revealed by scanning laser ophthalmoscopy (top) and laser Doppler imaging (bottom). Healthy contralateral eye (left). The signs of papilledema that may be seen using an ophthalmoscope include: venous engorgement (usually the first signs) loss of venous pulsation; hemorrhages over and/or adjacent to the optic disc
However, papillitis may be unilateral, whereas papilledema is almost always bilateral. Papillitis can be differentiated from papilledema by an afferent pupillary defect (Marcus Gunn pupil), by its greater effect in decreasing visual acuity and color vision, and by the presence of a central scotoma. Papilledema that is not yet chronic will not ...
Binasal (either inferior or superior) quadrantanopia, also known as Nerurkarian field defects affects either the upper or lower inner visual quadrants closer to the nasal cavity in both eyes. Bitemporal (either inferior or superior) quadrantanopia affects either the upper or lower outer visual quadrants in both eyes. [citation needed]
Foster Kennedy syndrome is a constellation of findings associated with tumors of the frontal lobe. [1]Although Foster Kennedy syndrome is sometimes called "Kennedy syndrome", [2] it should not be confused with Kennedy disease, or spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy, which is named after William R. Kennedy.
Visual field-bitemporal hemianopia Visual field-binasal hemianopia. A lesion involving complete optic chiasm, which disrupts the axons from the nasal field of both eyes, causes loss of vision of the right half of the right visual field and the left half of the left visual field. [3] This visual field defect is called as bitemporal hemianopia.
For those with visual field defects optical coherence tomography has been recommended for follow-up of nerve fiber layer thickness. [12] Associated conditions such as angioid streaks and retinitis pigmentosa should be screened for. Both the severity of optic disc drusen and the degree of intraocular pressure elevation have been associated with ...
Peripheral vision is usually spared since the pattern of loss typically involves a central or cecocentral scotoma, a visual field defect at or surrounding the point of fixation. This pattern can be revealed via visual field testing. Upon examination, the pupils usually demonstrate a normal response to light and near stimulation. In those who ...
Visual acuity often remains stable and poor (around or below 20/200) with a residual central visual field defect. Patients with the 14484/ND6 mutation are most likely to have visual recovery. [8] Dominant optic atrophy is an autosomal dominant disease caused by a defect in the nuclear gene OPA1. A slowly progressive optic neuropathy, dominant ...