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A seizure is a paroxysmal episode of symptoms or altered behavior arising from abnormal excessive or synchronous brain neuronal activity. [5] A focal onset seizure arises from a biological neural network within one cerebral hemisphere, while a generalized onset seizure arises from within the cerebral hemispheres rapidly involving both hemispheres.
A focal impaired awareness seizure affects a larger part of the hemisphere and the person may lose consciousness. If a focal seizure spreads from one hemisphere to the other side of the brain, this will give rise to a focal to bilateral seizure. [5] [6] The person will become unconscious and may experience a tonic–clonic seizure. Individuals ...
Lateral temporal lobe seizures arising from the temporal-parietal lobe junction may cause complex visual hallucinations. [2] In comparison to mesial temporal lobe seizures, lateral temporal lobe seizures are briefer duration seizures, occur with earlier loss of awareness, and are more likely become a focal to bilateral tonic-clonic seizure. [2]
A seizure is a sudden change in behavior, movement or consciousness due to abnormal electrical activity in the brain. [3] [6] Seizures can look different in different people. It can be uncontrolled shaking of the whole body (tonic-clonic seizures) or a person spacing out for a few seconds (absence seizures).
Most frequently the seizure is focal tonic and involves the head, face, and limbs. [1] Focal tonic seizures are defined as sustained flexion or extension of muscle groups. [2] Focal clonic seizures can also occur, which are defined as rhythmic movements of muscle groups. [2] Seizures can alternate sides and progress to bilateral tonic seizures.
A generalized tonic–clonic seizure, commonly known as a grand mal seizure or GTCS, [1] is a type of generalized seizure that produces bilateral, convulsive tonic and clonic muscle contractions. Tonic–clonic seizures are the seizure type most commonly associated with epilepsy and seizures in general and the most common seizure associated ...
focal seizures that may spread to adjacent areas (Jacksonian seizure) grand mal or tonic-clonic seizures; changes in personality such as disinhibition, inappropriate jocularity, rage without provocation; or loss of initiative and concern, apathy, akinetic mutism, general retardation
Syndromes are characterized into 4 groups based on epilepsy type: [1] a. Generalized onset epilepsy syndromes. These epilepsy syndromes have only generalized-onset seizures and include both the idiopathic generalized epilepsies (specifically childhood absence epilepsy, juvenile absence epilepsy, juvenile myoclonic epilepsy and epilepsy with generalized tonic- clonic seizures alone), as well as ...