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Mitchell worked in the coal mines his whole life. Having started work at age six, by age fifteen he joined the Knights of Labor in 1885 and was a founding member of the United Mine Workers of America in 1890. He was elected District 12 secretary-treasurer in 1895.
John Mitchell, President of the UMWA, takes the bull (coal trusts) by the horns. The issues that led to the strike of 1900 were just as pressing in 1902: the union wanted recognition and a degree of control over the industry. The industry, still smarting from its concessions in 1900, opposed any federal role.
John Mitchell was born in Braidwood, Illinois, on February 4, 1870 and began work as a breaker boy in the Braidwood coal mines at the age of 12. From 1890 to 1910 he lived at 210 E. Dakota Street in Spring Valley.
1920 Alabama coal strike, a lengthy, violent, expensive and fruitless attempt to achieve union recognition in the coal mines around Birmingham left 16 men dead; one black man was lynched. 1922 UMW General coal strike, On April 1, 1922, 610,000 mine workers struck nationwide, shutting down the majority of operations within the country.
Boys in the pits: Child labour in coal mines (McGill-Queen's Press-MQUP, 2000), Canadian mines; Palladino, Grace. Another Civil War : labor, capital, and the state in the anthracite regions of Pennsylvania, 1840-68 (1990) online; Phelan, Craig. Divided Loyalties: The Public and Private Life of Labor Leader John Mitchell (1994) Rössel, Jörg.
The Battle of Blair Mountain was the largest labor uprising in United States history and is the largest armed uprising since the American Civil War. [4] [5] The conflict occurred in Logan County, West Virginia, as part of the Coal Wars, a series of early-20th-century labor disputes in Appalachia.
The Alloa Coal Company was founded in 1835 as a partnership between William Mitchell, John Moubray, John Craich, and David Ramsay. The partners obtained a lease to mine coal and ironstone on the lands of the Earl of Mar in Clackmannanshire .
Divided Loyalties: The Public and Private Life of Labor Leader John Mitchell (1994) Rössel, Jörg. Industrial Structure, Union Strategy and Strike Activity in Bituminous Coal Mining, 1881 – 1894, Social Science History (2002) 26#1 1 – 32. Seltzer, Curtis.