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Ethyl nitrate is the ethyl ester of nitric acid and has the chemical formula C 2 H 5 N O 3.It is a colourless, volatile, explosive, and extremely flammable liquid. It is used in organic synthesis with use as a nitrating agent and as an intermediate in the preparation of some drugs, dyes, and perfumes. [1]
Ethylammonium nitrate or ethylamine nitrate [3] (EAN) is a salt with formula [CH 3 CH 2 NH 3] + [NO 3] −. It is an odorless and colorless to slightly yellowish liquid with a melting point of 12 °C. [4] This compound was described by Paul Walden in 1914, [5] [6] and is believed to be the earliest reported example of a room-temperature ionic ...
Its use, which is mainly outside of high-income countries, is attractive since it does not alter the pH of the soil. Another major use is as a complement to ammonium nitrate in explosives. Molten sodium nitrate and its solutions with potassium nitrate have good thermal stability (up to 600 °C) and high heat capacities.
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Industrial fermentation is the intentional use of fermentation in manufacturing processes. In addition to the mass production of fermented foods and drinks, industrial fermentation has widespread applications in chemical industry. Commodity chemicals, such as acetic acid, citric acid, and ethanol are made by fermentation. [1]
For example, in the UK, food companies are required to include the "E number(s)" in the ingredients that are added as part of the manufacturing process. Many components of naturally occurring healthy foods and vitamins have assigned E numbers (and the number is a synonym for the chemical component), e.g. vitamin C ( E300 ) and lycopene ( E160d ...
However, under industrial anaerobic conditions yeasts cannot use pyruvate, the end products of glycolysis, to generate energy in cellular respiration. Instead, they rely on a process called fermentation. Fermentation converts pyruvate into ethanol through the intermediate acetaldehyde.
In organic chemistry, nitration is a general class of chemical processes for the introduction of a nitro group (−NO 2) into an organic compound.The term also is applied incorrectly to the different process of forming nitrate esters (−ONO 2) between alcohols and nitric acid (as occurs in the synthesis of nitroglycerin).