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Some instances of the smallest bounding circle. The smallest-circle problem (also known as minimum covering circle problem, bounding circle problem, least bounding circle problem, smallest enclosing circle problem) is a computational geometry problem of computing the smallest circle that contains all of a given set of points in the Euclidean plane.
Full width at half maximum. In a distribution, full width at half maximum (FWHM) is the difference between the two values of the independent variable at which the dependent variable is equal to half of its maximum value. In other words, it is the width of a spectrum curve measured between those points on the y-axis which are half the maximum ...
A model was developed that can be used to determine the volume of tree canopies of this shape. A tree crown fits this shape model if: a) it has a domed shaped top surface, b) the base of the crown is flat or at ground level on a flat surface, and c) the width of the crown spread is greater than or equal to twice the vertical thickness of the crown.
Perhaps intuitively, the point should be chosen based upon which is closer to the line at +. If it is closer to the former then include the former point on the line, if the latter then the latter. To answer this, evaluate the line function at the midpoint between these two points:
In most countries, the measurement of curvature of curved track is expressed in radius. The shorter the radius, the sharper the curve is. For sharper curves, the speed limits are lower to prevent an outward horizontal centrifugal force to overturn the trains by directing its weight toward the outside rail. Cant may be used to allow higher ...
Where degree of curvature is based on 100 units of arc length, the conversion between degree of curvature and radius is Dr = 18000/π ≈ 5729.57795, where D is degree and r is radius. Since rail routes have very large radii, they are laid out in chords, as the difference to the arc is inconsequential; this made work easier before electronic ...
Chainline on a fixed-gear bicycle. The chainline is the angle of a bicycle chain relative to the centerline of the bicycle frame. [1] A bicycle is said to have a perfect chainline if the chain is parallel to the centerline of the frame, which means that the rear sprocket is directly behind the front chainring. [1]
A circle of radius 23 drawn by the Bresenham algorithm. In computer graphics, the midpoint circle algorithm is an algorithm used to determine the points needed for rasterizing a circle. It is a generalization of Bresenham's line algorithm. The algorithm can be further generalized to conic sections. [1] [2] [3]