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The Achaemenid Empire or Achaemenian Empire, [ 16 ] also known as the Persian Empire[ 16 ] or First Persian Empire[ 17 ] (/ əˈkiːmənɪd /; Old Persian: 𐎧𐏁𐏂, Xšāça, lit. 'The Empire' [ 18 ] or 'The Kingdom' [ 19 ]), was an Iranian empire founded by Cyrus the Great of the Achaemenid dynasty in 550 BC. Based in modern-day Iran, it ...
e. The Parthian Empire (/ ˈpɑːrθiən /), also known as the Arsacid Empire (/ ˈɑːrsəsɪd /), [12] was a major Iranian political and cultural power centered in ancient Iran from 247 BC to 224 AD. [13] Its latter name comes from its founder, Arsaces I, [14] who led the Parni tribe in conquering the region of Parthia [15] in Iran 's ...
Medes. The Medes[N 1] were an ancient Iranian people who spoke the Median language [N 2] and who inhabited an area known as Media between western and northern Iran. Around the 11th century BC, they occupied the mountainous region of northwestern Iran and the northeastern and eastern region of Mesopotamia in the vicinity of Ecbatana (present-day ...
Persepolis (/ pərˈsɛpəlɪs /; Old Persian: 𐎱𐎠𐎼𐎿, romanized: Pārsa; New Persian: تخت جمشید, romanized: Takht-e Jamshīd, lit. 'Throne of Jamshid ') was the ceremonial capital of the Achaemenid Empire (c. 550–330 BC). It is situated in the plains of Marvdasht, encircled by the southern Zagros mountains, Fars province of ...
Map 12: Persian Empire in Achaemenid era, 6th century BC, showing names of ancient Iranian peoples in the Iranian Plateau and southern Central Asia on the right side of the map Map 13: Ancient regions of Iranian Plateau and part of South Central Asia showing ancient Iranian peoples and tribes; this map also shows ancient peoples of the Indus ...
The Iranian Empire began in the Iron Age with the rise of the Medes, who unified Iran as a nation and empire in 625 BC. [3] The Achaemenid Empire (550–330 BC), founded by Cyrus the Great, was the largest empire the world had seen, spanning from the Balkans to North Africa and Central Asia.
Geography. The original location of Parthia roughly corresponds to a region in northeastern Iran, but part is in southern Turkmenistan. It was bordered by the Kopet Dag mountain range in the north, and the Dasht-e Kavir desert in the south. It bordered Media on the west, Hyrcania on the north west, Margiana on the northeast, and Aria on the east.
Bactria (/ ˈbæktriə /; Bactrian: βαχλο, Bakhlo), or Bactriana, was an ancient Iranian [1] civilization in Central Asia based in the area south of the Oxus River (modern Amu Darya) and north of the mountains of the Hindu Kush, an area within the north of modern Afghanistan. Bactria was strategically located south of Sogdia and the ...