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The chlorine cycle (Cl) is the biogeochemical cycling of chlorine through the atmosphere, hydrosphere, biosphere, and lithosphere. Chlorine is most commonly found as inorganic chloride ions, or a number of chlorinated organic forms. [1] [2] Over 5,000 biologically produced chlorinated organics have been identified. [3]
Evaporation under reduced pressure allows it to be concentrated further to about 40%, but then it decomposes to perchloric acid, chlorine, oxygen, water, and chlorine dioxide. Its most important salt is sodium chlorate, mostly used to make chlorine dioxide to bleach paper pulp. The decomposition of chlorate to chloride and oxygen is a common ...
The residence time of 36 Cl in the atmosphere is about 1 week. Thus, as an event marker of 1950s water in soil and ground water, 36 Cl is also useful for dating waters less than 50 years before the present. 36 Cl has seen use in other areas of the geological sciences, forecasts, and elements. In chloride-based molten salt reactors the ...
However, the matter that makes up living organisms is conserved and recycled. The six most common elements associated with organic molecules — carbon, nitrogen, hydrogen, oxygen, phosphorus, and sulfur — take a variety of chemical forms and may exist for long periods in the atmosphere, on land, in water, or beneath the Earth's surface.
This seasonal variation in ice could release more molecular chlorine into the atmosphere." "The level of molecular chlorine above Barrow was measured as high as 400 parts per trillion." "The ultimate source of the molecular chlorine is the sodium chloride in sea salt, most likely from the snow-covered ice pack.
Astronomers used the Hubble Space Telescope to make a landmark discovery of water vapor in the atmosphere of a planet just twice Earth’s diameter in size.
Chloride is also a useful and reliable chemical indicator of river and groundwater fecal contamination, as chloride is a non-reactive solute and ubiquitous to sewage and potable water. Many water regulating companies around the world utilize chloride to check the contamination levels of the rivers and potable water sources. [24]
Earlier this week, the chlorine smoke closed schools and led to a shelter-in-place order for more than 90,000 residents east of Atlanta while some were told to evacuate after emergency officials ...