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Prostate cancer is a major topic of ongoing research. From 2016–2020, over $1.26 billion was invested in prostate cancer research, representing around 5% of global cancer research funds. [121] This places prostate cancer 10th among 18 common cancer types in funding per cancer death, and 9th in funding per disability-adjusted life year lost. [122]
Management of prostate cancer. Treatment for prostate cancer may involve active surveillance, surgery, radiation therapy – including brachytherapy (prostate brachytherapy) and external-beam radiation therapy, proton therapy, high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU), cryosurgery, hormonal therapy, chemotherapy, or some combination.
The prostate is a gland of the male reproductive system. In adults, it is about the size of a walnut, [3] and has an average weight of about 11 grams, usually ranging between 7 and 16 grams. [4] The prostate is located in the pelvis. It sits below the urinary bladder and surrounds the urethra.
If there are warning signs of prostate cancer, they can include: Blood in the urine or semen. Problems urinating—including feeling like you need to urinate more often or a slow or weak stream ...
Gleason score is calculated from grade as described in the text. The Gleason grading system is used to help evaluate the prognosis of men with prostate cancer using samples from a prostate biopsy. Together with other parameters, it is incorporated into a strategy of prostate cancer staging which predicts prognosis and helps guide therapy.
However, one urologist can offer some common words patients with prostate cancer use to describe the bone pain that brought them to the doctor's office. "Bone pain is typically described as a dull ...
Prostate cancer staging. Prostate cancer staging is the process by which physicians categorize the risk of cancer having spread beyond the prostate, or equivalently, the probability of being cured with local therapies such as surgery or radiation. Once patients are placed in prognostic categories, this information can contribute to the ...
A similar paper in European Radiology found that when correlated with histopathology, PI-RADS v2 correctly identified 94-95% of prostate cancer foci ≥0.5 mL, but was limited for the assessment of GS ≥4+3 (significant) tumors ≤0.5 mL; in their series, DCE-MRI offered limited added value to T2WI+DW-MRI. [7]
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