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In 1825, Bouchet and Cazauvieilh described palpable firmness and atrophy of the uncus and medial temporal lobe of brains from epileptic and non-epileptic individuals. [4]: 565 In 1880, Wilhelm Sommer investigated 90 brains and described the classical Ammon's horn sclerosis pattern, severe neuronal cell loss in hippocampal subfield cornum Ammonis 1 (CA1) and some neuronal cell loss in ...
Cerebral atrophy is a common feature of many of the diseases that affect the brain. [1] Atrophy of any tissue means a decrement in the size of the cell, which can be due to progressive loss of cytoplasmic proteins. In brain tissue, atrophy describes a loss of neurons and the connections between them. Brain atrophy can be classified into two ...
Neurology, Psychiatry. In the field of neurology, temporal lobe epilepsy is an enduring brain disorder that causes unprovoked seizures from the temporal lobe. Temporal lobe epilepsy is the most common type of focal onset epilepsy among adults. [1] Seizure symptoms and behavior distinguish seizures arising from the medial temporal lobe from ...
The temporal lobe is involved in primary auditory perception, such as hearing, and holds the primary auditory cortex. [6] The primary auditory cortex receives sensory information from the ears and secondary areas process the information into meaningful units such as speech and words. [6] The superior temporal gyrus includes an area (within the ...
Alternatively, autobiographical memory loss may result from subtle changes in the temporal lobe which gives rise to temporal lobe epilepsy and to memory problems. The mechanism and etiology of this phenomenon remain controversial, especially as it is impossible to rule out prior subclinical epileptic activity which could be responsible for a ...
In Alzheimer's disease (and other forms of dementia), the hippocampus is one of the first regions of the brain to suffer damage; [8] short-term memory loss and disorientation are included among the early symptoms. Damage to the hippocampus can also result from oxygen starvation , encephalitis, or medial temporal lobe epilepsy.
Significant dynamic changes in brain structure take place through adulthood and aging, with substantial variation between individuals. In later decades, men show greater volume loss in whole brain volume and in the frontal lobes, and temporal lobes, whereas in women there is increased volume loss in the hippocampi and parietal lobes. [5]
Using the interview and different methods of imaging, the experimenters hoped to find links between patterns of brain volume loss and performance in the interview. [24] Through image processing, patterns of significant reduced parenchymal volumes that encompass the frontal and temporal lobes were found. Through comparison to a control group of ...