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Because books are made from a variety of materials, conservators may also need to employ techniques and experience relating to the conservation of leather, parchment, papyrus, or fabric conservation. The main objective of cleaning is to achieve clarity of surface detail. [57] Books and documents may be subjected to different types of cleaning.
A loose leaf (also loose leaf paper, filler paper or refill paper) is a piece of paper of any kind that is not bound in place, or available on a continuous roll, and may be punched and organized as ring-bound (in a ring binder) or disc-bound. Loose leaf paper may be sold as free sheets, or made up into notepads, where perforations or glue allow ...
For example, the Google Book Search program has partnered with over forty libraries around the world to digitize books. The goal of this library partnership project is to "make it easier for people to find relevant books – specifically, books they wouldn't find any other way such as those that are out of print – while carefully respecting ...
An example of mold damage. Mold control and prevention is a conservation activity that is performed in libraries and archives to protect books, documents and other materials from deterioration caused by mold growth. Mold prevention consists of different methods, such as chemical treatments, careful environmental control, and manual cleaning ...
Endpapers of the original run of books in the Everyman's Library, 1906, based on the art of William Morris's Kelmscott Press. The endpapers or end-papers of a book (also known as the endsheets ) are the pages that consist of a double-size sheet folded, with one half pasted against an inside cover (the pastedown), and the other serving as the ...
Spongy tissue is a type of tissue found both in plants and animals.. In plants, it is part of the mesophyll, where it forms a layer next to the palisade cells in the leaf.The spongy mesophyll's function is to allow for the interchange of gases (CO 2) that are needed for photosynthesis.
Lean into fall with these fun leaf crafts that are perfect for preschoolers, toddlers and even adults. Easily DIY garland, leaf art, wreaths and more. This Gorgeous Fall Garland Can Be Made With ...
More generally than in describing tunics of bulbs etc., any leaf-sheath or protective bract remaining attached to the plant after the leaf has died may be called a tunica or tunic. [3] The testa or spermoderm of a seed is sometimes called the tunic, especially in older books. [3] In fungi, the peridium may be referred to as the tunica. [3]