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Iodine-131 (131 I, I-131) is an important radioisotope of iodine discovered by Glenn Seaborg and John Livingood in 1938 at the University of California, Berkeley. [3] It has a radioactive decay half-life of about eight days. It is associated with nuclear energy, medical diagnostic and treatment procedures, and natural gas production.
Iodine-124 can be made by numerous nuclear reactions via a cyclotron. The most common starting material used is 124 Te. Iodine-124 as the iodide salt can be used to directly image the thyroid using positron emission tomography (PET). [9] Iodine-124 can also be used as a PET radiotracer with a usefully longer half-life compared with fluorine-18 ...
By the time the center closed in 1986, the 1,063 female beagles had been exposed to radiation, while many more dogs passed through the facility for breeding and as control subjects. [ 2 ] In the 1990s, the remains of 800 irradiated dogs, their toxic feces, and contaminated gravel were dug up, put in metal drums, and sent to a nuclear disposal ...
Iodine-123 (123 I) is a radioactive isotope of iodine used in nuclear medicine imaging, including single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) or SPECT/CT exams. The isotope's half-life is 13.2232 hours; [1] the decay by electron capture to tellurium-123 emits gamma radiation with a predominant energy of 159 keV (this is the gamma primarily used for imaging).
Potassium iodide is a chemical compound, medication, and dietary supplement. [4] [5] It is a medication used for treating hyperthyroidism, in radiation emergencies, and for protecting the thyroid gland when certain types of radiopharmaceuticals are used. [6]
Hypothyroidism is classified as either primary, secondary, or tertiary. Primary hypothyroidism is for when the cause is due to an abnormality of the thyroid gland, secondary hypothyroidism is when the cause is decreased thyroid-stimulating hormone levels, and tertiary hypothyroidism is when the cause is an inadequate amount of thyrotropin-releasing hormone being released.
The role of iodine in mammary tissue is related to fetal and neonatal development, but its role in the other tissues is not well known. [8] It has been shown to act as an antioxidant [8] and antiproliferant [9] in various tissues that can uptake iodine. Molecular iodine (I 2) has been shown to have a suppressive effect on benign and cancerous ...
A non-minimally invasive Hürthle cell carcinoma is typically treated by a total thyroidectomy followed by radioactive iodine therapy. [6] A Hürthle cell adenoma or a minimally invasive tumor can be treated by a thyroid lobectomy, although some surgeons will perform a total thyroidectomy to prevent the tumor from reappearing and metastasizing. [6]