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Ontology for General Medical Science OGMS An ontology for general aspects of medicine, with a focus on cancer. Ontology for Parasite LifeCycle [40] OPL A reference ontology for parasite life cycle stages. Ontology of Adverse Events [41] OAE An ontology for adverse events of drug regimens. Ontology of Arthropod Circulatory Systems [42]
The Open Biological and Biomedical Ontologies (OBO) Foundry is a group of people who build and maintain ontologies related to the life sciences. [1] The OBO Foundry establishes a set of principles for ontology development for creating a suite of interoperable reference ontologies in the biomedical domain.
At present, merging ontologies that are not developed from a common upper ontology is a largely manual process and therefore time-consuming and expensive. Domain ontologies that use the same upper ontology to provide a set of basic elements with which to specify the meanings of the domain ontology entities can be merged with less effort.
Ontology is the philosophical study of being. It is traditionally understood as the subdiscipline of metaphysics focused on the most general features of reality.As one of the most fundamental concepts, being encompasses all of reality and every entity within it.
The Cell Ontology is an ontology that aims at capturing the diversity of cell types in animals. [1] It is part of the Open Biomedical and Biological Ontologies (OBO) Foundry. [2] The Cell Ontology identifiers and organizational structure are used to annotate data at the level of cell types, for example in single-cell RNA-seq studies. [3]
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The Ontology for Biomedical Investigations (OBI) is an open-access, integrated ontology for the description of biological and clinical investigations. [1] OBI provides a model for the design of an investigation, the protocols and instrumentation used, the materials used, the data generated and the type of analysis performed on it.
Individuals (instances) are the basic, "ground level" components of an ontology. The individuals in an ontology may include concrete objects such as people, animals, tables, automobiles, molecules, and planets, as well as abstract individuals such as numbers and words (although there are differences of opinion as to whether numbers and words are classes or individuals).