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LDPE has SPI resin ID code 4 Schematic of LDPE branching structure. Low-density polyethylene (LDPE) is a thermoplastic made from the monomer ethylene.It was the first grade of polyethylene, produced in 1933 by John C. Swallow and M.W Perrin who were working for Imperial Chemical Industries (ICI) using a high pressure process via free radical polymerization. [1]
It is a polymer, primarily used for packaging (plastic bags, plastic films, geomembranes and containers including bottles, cups, jars, etc.). As of 2017 [update] , over 100 million tonnes of polyethylene resins are being produced annually, accounting for 34% of the total plastics market.
HDPE is known for its high strength-to-density ratio. [4] The density of HDPE ranges from 930 to 970 kg/m 3. [5] Although the density of HDPE is only marginally higher than that of low-density polyethylene, HDPE has little branching, giving it stronger intermolecular forces and tensile strength (38 MPa versus 21 MPa) than LDPE. [6]
Ethylene (IUPAC name: ethene) is a hydrocarbon which has the formula C 2 H 4 or H 2 C=CH 2.It is a colourless, flammable gas with a faint "sweet and musky" odour when pure. [7] It is the simplest alkene (a hydrocarbon with carbon–carbon double bonds).
Most bags that are manufactured from plastic are made from corn-based materials, like polylactic acid blends. Biodegradable plastic bags are nowadays as strong and reliable as traditional (mostly polyethylene)-bags. Many bags are also made from paper, organic materials like Manila hemp, or polycaprolactone. [2] [3] [4]
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It is estimated that in the U.S. alone, consumers use 1,500 plastic water bottles every single second. But only about 23% of PET plastic, which is the plastic used in disposable plastic water bottles, gets recycled. Thus, about 38 billion water bottles are thrown away annually, equating to roughly $1 billion worth of plastic. [3]
Fortunately, many brands are making efforts to reduce or eliminate single-use items like straws and other plastic waste. In fact, Danish brewer Carlsberg ditched the plastic six-pack rings in ...