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Yet another drug that can induce parkinsonism is the antihistaminic medication cinnarizine, usually prescribed for motion sickness; this is because besides antagonizing histamine receptors this drug antagonizes the dopamine D2 receptors. [37] The incidence of drug-induced parkinsonism increases with age.
Pseudoparkinsonism: drug-induced parkinsonism (rigidity, bradykinesia, tremor, masked facies, shuffling gait, stooped posture, sialorrhoea, and seborrhoea; greater risk in the elderly). [2] Although Parkinson's disease is primarily a disease of the nigrostriatal pathway and not the extrapyramidal system, loss of dopaminergic neurons in the ...
MPTP (1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine) is an organic compound.It is classified as a tetrahydropyridine.It is of interest as a precursor to the monoaminergic neurotoxin MPP +, which causes permanent symptoms of Parkinson's disease by destroying dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra of the brain.
There has been some research suggesting that a type of type 2 diabetes drugs called SGLT2 inhibitors could reduce the incidence of some neurodegenerative conditions including Parkinson’s disease ...
The four cardinal motor symptoms of Parkinson's—bradykinesia (slowed movements), postural instability, rigidity, and tremor—are called parkinsonism. [9] [10] These four symptoms are not exclusive to Parkinson's and can occur in many other conditions, [11] [12] including HIV infection and recreational drug use.
Cinnarizine's antagonistic effects of D2 dopamine receptors in the striatum leads to symptoms of depression, tremor, muscle rigidity, tardive dyskinesia, and akathisia. 17 of 100 new parkinsonism cases are linked to administration of either cinnarizine or flunarizine. [5] Drug induced parkinsonism is the second leading cause of parkinsonism. [22]
Drug-induced parkinsonism, akathisia and acute dystonia; PD; Idiopathic or secondary dystonia; Overdose produces confusion, agitation and sleeplessness that can last up to or more than 24 hours. Pupils become dilated and unreactive to light. Tachycardia (fast heart beat), as well as auditory and visual hallucinations Scopolamine (L-Hyoscine) NS
Researchers also created human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)–derived astrocytes from patients with late-onset Alzheimer’s, which showed that the deficit in glucose metabolism was ...