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The Greek term used in this verse, Greek: κουστωδίας, koustodia, is a borrowing from the Latin custodia, and thus also implies Roman forces. [2] This is the same wording as is used at Matthew 27:27, where the soldiers are clearly Roman guards. [4] However, R. T. France argues that the
The Praetorian Guard (Latin: cohortes praetoriae) was the imperial guard of the Imperial Roman army that served various roles for the Roman emperor including being a bodyguard unit, counterintelligence, crowd control and gathering military intelligence.
Claudius Lysias' complete description as found in the New Testament book of the Acts of the Apostles is "the tribune of the cohort" in Jerusalem, which resided in nearby "barracks" (Acts 21.34, 37; 22.24, 23.10, 16, 32).
Unlike the Vigiles, who mostly operated at night as firefighters and watchmen, members of the urban cohorts were considered legionaries, though with higher pay than the regular legions—if not quite as much as the Praetorian Guards—and tended to receive slightly higher donatives, though not as much as the Praetorians.
A model of the Antonia Fortress—currently in the Israel Museum Model of the fortress and the Tedi Gate (small gate with triangular top). The Antonia Fortress (Aramaic: קצטרא דאנטוניה) [a] was a citadel built by Herod the Great and named for Herod's patron Mark Antony, as a fortress whose chief function was to protect the Second Temple.
Originally, praetor ("leader") was the title of the ranking civil servant in the Roman Republic, but later identified a rank of office below the rank of consul. The war-council meetings held in the tent of a general gave administrative and juridical meanings to the term praetorium , a usage continued into the Byzantine Empire , where the term ...
The apocryphal Gospel of Peter has a version of this scene, but there the guards to report to Pilate. While the chief priests would have had the services of their own Temple guards, the word used to refer to the soldiers in these verses is koustodia, a Latin loan word that clearly indicates their Roman origin. The priests also have to ask ...
Celeres - A royal guard created by Romulus to guard the King of Rome. Centurion – Officer rank, generally one per 80 soldiers, in charge of a centuria. Clinicus – A medic. Cohors amicorum – Military staff company functioning as suite and bodyguard of a high Roman official. Comes – commanders of comitatenses.
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