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Purgatorio (Italian: [purɡaˈtɔːrjo]; Italian for "Purgatory") is the second part of Dante's Divine Comedy, following the Inferno and preceding the Paradiso.The poem was written in the early 14th century.
Dante's orderly hell is a representation of the structured universe created by God, one which forces its sinners to use "intelligence and understanding" to contemplate their purpose. [15] The nine-fold subdivision of hell is influenced by the Ptolemaic model of cosmology, which similarly divided the universe into nine concentric spheres.
Dante gazes at Mount Purgatory in an allegorical portrait by Agnolo Bronzino, painted c. 1530. The Divine Comedy is composed of 14,233 lines that are divided into three cantiche (singular cantica) – Inferno (), Purgatorio (), and Paradiso () – each consisting of 33 cantos (Italian plural canti).
According to a tradition recorded by early commentators of the Divine Comedy, Pia de' Tolomei is identified as "la Pia" in Canto V of Purgatorio. In this canto, Dante and Virgil encounter souls who repented at the time of their violent deaths and now reside in the second division of Ante-Purgatory, which is at the base of the mountain of Purgatory. [1]
The three cantiche [i] of the poem, Inferno, Purgatorio, and Paradiso, describe Hell, Purgatory, and Heaven, respectively. The poem is considered one of the greatest works of world literature [2] and helped establish Dante's Tuscan dialect as the standard form of the Italian language. [3]
Paradiso (Italian: [paraˈdiːzo]; Italian for "Paradise" or "Heaven") is the third and final part of Dante's Divine Comedy, following the Inferno and the Purgatorio.It is an allegory telling of Dante's journey through Heaven, guided by Beatrice, who symbolises theology.
Dante is depicted (bottom, centre) in Andrea di Bonaiuto's 1365 fresco Church Militant and Triumphant in the Santa Maria Novella church, Florence. In 1373, a little more than half a century after Dante's death, the Florentine authorities softened their attitude to him and decided to establish a department for the study of the Divine Comedy.
Matelda submerging Dante in Lethe, as depicted by Gustave Doré. Matelda collecting flowers in a painting by George Dunlop Leslie. Dante, Virgil, and Statius can be seen in the background. Matelda, anglicized as Matilda in some translations, is a minor character in Dante Alighieri's Purgatorio, the second canticle of the Divine Comedy.