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In Virginia, the jury must render a unanimous verdict, and anything less than a unanimous jury constitutes a hung jury and therefore a mistrial, unless the parties agree otherwise in advance. The jury may award no more than the amount sought in the complaint, which acts as a ceiling to the verdict.
Jury instructions, also known as charges or directions, are a set of legal guidelines given by a judge to a jury in a court of law. They are an important procedural step in a trial by jury , and as such are a cornerstone of criminal process in many common law countries .
The term remittitur originated in English common law, where it was a procedural device used by the plaintiff to correct errors in the trial record. Under 18th century English law, the jury could not award more damages than the plaintiff had requested in their complaint; when (on rare occasion) juries disregarded this rule, appellate courts could overturn the jury award and order a new trial ...
Stiles ex dem Dunn, [23] which held that the bench could override the jury's verdict on a point of law. The 1895 decision Sparf v. United States, [24] written by Justice John Marshall Harlan, held that a trial judge has no responsibility to inform the jury of its right to nullify laws. It was a 5–4 decision.
Virginia civil procedure is the body of law that sets out the rules and standards that Virginia courts follow when adjudicating civil lawsuits (as opposed to procedures in criminal law matters). Professor W. Hamilton Bryson is the preeminent master and legal scholar on Virginia Civil Procedure.
(b) Where however the prosecution evidence is such that its strength or weakness depends on the view to be taken of a witness's reliability or other matters which are generally speaking within the province of the jury and where on one possible view of the facts there is evidence upon which a jury could properly come to the conclusion that the defendant is guilty, then the judge should allow ...
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The no-impeachment rule is a part of U.S. evidence law that generally prohibits jurors from testifying about their deliberations in an attempt to discredit a verdict. [1] Arising in British common law, the rule has come to be implemented in Federal Rule of Evidence (FRE) 606(b) and in each state. [2] [3]