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The magnetic field lines (green) of a current-carrying loop of wire pass through the center of the loop, concentrating the field there. An electromagnetic coil is an electrical conductor such as a wire in the shape of a coil (spiral or helix).
The shape and dimensions of a winding are designed to fulfill the particular purpose. Parameters such as inductance, Q factor, insulation strength, and strength of the desired magnetic field greatly influence the design of coil windings. Coil winding can be structured into several groups regarding the type and geometry of the wound coil.
A gradient-field Maxwell coil has essentially the same geometry of the 3-coil configuration above, but the central coil is removed to leave only the smaller two coils, and the current in one of these is reversed. [3] This produces a uniform-gradient magnetic field near the centre of the two coils.
The magnetic field of all the turns of wire passes through the center of the coil, creating a strong magnetic field there. [2] A coil forming the shape of a straight tube (a helix) is called a solenoid. [1] [2] The direction of the magnetic field through a coil of wire can be found from a form of the right-hand rule.
The magnetic field is often created by a current-carrying coil of wire around the core. The use of a magnetic core can increase the strength of magnetic field in an electromagnetic coil by a factor of several hundred times what it would be without the core. However, magnetic cores have side effects which must be taken into account.
When the pair of two electromagnets of a Helmholtz coil carry an equal electric current in the opposite direction, it is known as anti-Helmholtz coil, which creates a region of nearly uniform magnetic field gradient, and is used for creating magnetic traps for atomic physics experiments.
A changing magnetic field, such as a magnet moving through a conducting coil, generates an electric field (and therefore tends to drive a current in such a coil). This is known as Faraday's law and forms the basis of many electrical generators and electric motors .
The 50 non-planar coils are used for adjusting the magnetic field. It aims for a plasma density of 3 × 10 20 particles per cubic metre, and a plasma temperature of 60–130 megakelvins (MK). [1] The W7-X is optimised along the quasi-isodynamic principle. [10] The main components are the magnetic coils, cryostat, plasma vessel, divertor and ...