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Eukaryotic translation is the biological process by which messenger RNA is translated into proteins in eukaryotes. It consists of four phases: initiation, elongation, termination, and recapping. It consists of four phases: initiation, elongation, termination, and recapping.
The first step in initiation is formation of the pre-initiation complex, 48S PIC. The small ribosomal subunit and various eukaryotic initiation factors are recruited to the mRNA 5′ TL and to form the 48S PIC complex, which scans 5′ to 3′ along the mRNA transcript, inspecting each successive triplet for a functional start codon.
Overview of eukaryotic messenger RNA (mRNA) translation Translation of mRNA and ribosomal protein synthesis Initiation and elongation stages of translation involving RNA nucleobases, the ribosome, transfer RNA, and amino acids The three phases of translation: (1) in initiation, the small ribosomal subunit binds to the RNA strand and the initiator tRNA–amino acid complex binds to the start ...
The Kozak consensus sequence (Kozak consensus or Kozak sequence) is a nucleic acid motif that functions as the protein translation initiation site in most eukaryotic mRNA transcripts. [1] Regarded as the optimum sequence for initiating translation in eukaryotes , the sequence is an integral aspect of protein regulation and overall cellular ...
Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4 gamma 2 (also called p97, NAT1, and DAP-5) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the EIF4G2 gene. [ 5 ] [ 6 ] Function
Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 5A-1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the EIF5A gene. [ 5 ] It is the only known protein to contain the unusual amino acid hypusine [ N ε -(4-amino-2-hydroxybutyl)-lysine], which is synthesized on eIF5A at a specific lysine residue from the polyamine spermidine by two catalytic steps.
A eukaryotic cell has a nucleus that separates the processes of transcription and translation. Eukaryotic transcription occurs within the nucleus where DNA is packaged into nucleosomes and higher order chromatin structures. The complexity of the eukaryotic genome necessitates a great variety and complexity of gene expression control.
Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4H is a protein that in humans is encoded by the EIF4H gene. [ 5 ] [ 6 ] [ 7 ] This gene encodes one of the translation initiation factors , which function to stimulate the initiation of protein synthesis at the level of mRNA utilization.