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  2. Methemoglobinemia - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Methemoglobinemia

    The diagnosis of methemoglobinemia is made with the typical symptoms, a suggestive history, low oxygen saturation on pulse oximetry measurements (SpO2) and these symptoms (cyanosis and hypoxia) failing to improve on oxygen treatment. The definitive test would be obtaining either CO-oximeter or a methemoglobin level on an arterial blood gas test ...

  3. Blue baby syndrome - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blue_baby_syndrome

    Infants younger than 4 months are at greater risk given that they drink more water per body weight, they have a lower NADH- cytochrome b5 reductase activity, and they have a higher level of fetal hemoglobin which converts more easily to methemoglobin. Additionally, infants are at an increased risk after an episode of gastroenteritis due to the ...

  4. Hemoglobinopathy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hemoglobinopathy

    Methemoglobinemia is a condition caused by elevated levels of methemoglobin in the blood. Methaemoglobin is a form of hemoglobin that contains the ferric [Fe 3+] form of iron, instead of the ferrous [Fe 2+] form . Methemoglobin cannot bind oxygen, which means it cannot carry oxygen to tissues.

  5. Methemoglobin - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Methemoglobin

    The structure of cytochrome b5 reductase, the enzyme that converts methemoglobin to hemoglobin. [1]Methemoglobin (British: methaemoglobin, shortened MetHb) (pronounced "met-hemoglobin") is a hemoglobin in the form of metalloprotein, in which the iron in the heme group is in the Fe 3+ state, not the Fe 2+ of normal hemoglobin.

  6. Hemoglobin M disease - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hemoglobin_M_disease

    Hemoglobin M disease is a rare form of hemoglobinopathy, characterized by the presence of hemoglobin M (HbM) and elevated methemoglobin (metHb) level in blood. [1] HbM is an altered form of hemoglobin (Hb) due to point mutation occurring in globin-encoding genes, mostly involving tyrosine substitution for proximal (F8) or distal (E7) histidine residues. [2]

  7. Newborn screening - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Newborn_screening

    Newborn screening programs initially used screening criteria based largely on criteria established by JMG Wilson and F. Jungner in 1968. [6] Although not specifically about newborn population screening programs, their publication, Principles and practice of screening for disease proposed ten criteria that screening programs should meet before being used as a public health measure.

  8. Cytochrome b5 reductase - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cytochrome_b5_reductase

    The most common and successful treatment used to treat patients with high levels of methemoglobinemia is the antidote methylene blue. Methylene blue is already recognized as a product of the reversible reaction fueled by NAPHD methemoglobin reductase, catalyzed by leukcomethylene, to reduce methemoglobin to hemoglobin.

  9. Cyanosis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyanosis

    Methemoglobinemia [a] Sulfhemoglobinemia [b] Polycythemia; Congenital cyanosis (HbM Boston) arises from a mutation in the α-codon which results in a change of primary sequence, H → Y. Tyrosine stabilizes the Fe(III) form (oxyhaemoglobin) creating a permanent T-state of Hb. Peripheral cyanosis in an individual with peripheral vascular disease ...