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Sleep can follow a physiological or behavioral definition. In the physiological sense, sleep is a state characterized by reversible unconsciousness, special brainwave patterns, sporadic eye movement, loss of muscle tone (possibly with some exceptions; see below regarding the sleep of birds and of aquatic mammals), and a compensatory increase following deprivation of the state, this last known ...
Males do not require as much sleep during this time; some have been observed to give up 95 percent of their sleep time during the nineteen mating days. [2] Most act similarly to humans when sleep-deprived, getting them into potentially life-threatening situations or slowing their migration speed.
A flock of barnacle geese during autumn migration Examples of long-distance bird migration routes. Bird migration is a seasonal movement of birds between breeding and wintering grounds that occurs twice a year. It is typically from north to south or from south to north. Migration is inherently risky, due to predation and mortality.
A small number of species, such as ducks and geese, lose all of their flight feathers at once, temporarily becoming flightless. [133] As a general rule, the tail feathers are moulted and replaced starting with the innermost pair. [ 132 ]
The word "goose" is a direct descendant of Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰh₂éns.In Germanic languages, the root gave Old English gōs with the plural gēs and gandra (becoming Modern English goose, geese, gander, respectively), West Frisian goes, gies and guoske, Dutch: gans, New High German Gans, Gänse, and Ganter, and Old Norse gās and gæslingr, whence English gosling.
The black geese of the genus Branta are waterfowl belonging to the true geese and swans subfamily Anserinae. They occur in the northern coastal regions of the Palearctic and all over North America , migrating to more southerly coasts in winter, and as resident birds in the Hawaiian Islands .
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Some geese return to the same nesting ground year after year and lay eggs with their mate, raising them in the same way each year. This is recorded from the many tagged geese which frequent the East Coast. Canada geese fly in a distinctive V-shaped flight formation, with an altitude of 1 km (3,000 feet) for migration flight.