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  2. Electrical muscle stimulation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrical_muscle_stimulation

    Luigi Galvani (1761) provided the first scientific evidence that current can activate muscle. During the 19th and 20th centuries, researchers studied and documented the exact electrical properties that generate muscle movement. [25] [26] It was discovered that the body functions induced by electrical stimulation caused long-term changes in the ...

  3. Microcurrent electrical neuromuscular stimulator - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microcurrent_electrical...

    A microcurrent electrical neuromuscular stimulator or MENS (also microamperage electrical neuromuscular stimulator) is a device used to send weak electrical signals into the body. Such devices apply extremely small microamp [uA] electrical currents (less than 1 milliampere [mA]) to the tissues using electrodes placed on the skin.

  4. Functional electrical stimulation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Functional_electrical...

    It was not until 1967 that the term functional electrical stimulation was coined by Moe and Post, [24] and used in a patent entitled, "Electrical stimulation of muscle deprived of nervous control with a view of providing muscular contraction and producing a functionally useful moment". [25] Offner's patent described a system used to treat foot ...

  5. Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transcutaneous_electrical...

    A transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS or TNS) is a device that produces mild electric current to stimulate the nerves for therapeutic purposes.TENS, by definition, covers the complete range of transcutaneously applied currents used for nerve excitation, but the term is often used with a more restrictive intent, namely, to describe the kind of pulses produced by portable ...

  6. Electrotherapy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrotherapy

    Electrotherapy is the use of electrical energy as a medical treatment. [1] In medicine, the term electrotherapy can apply to a variety of treatments, including the use of electrical devices such as deep brain stimulators for neurological disease. [2]

  7. Neurostimulation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neurostimulation

    The 1st recorded use of electrical stimulation for pain relief goes back to 46 AD, when Scribonius Largus used torpedo fish (electric ray) for relieving headaches. [47] In the late 18th century, Luigi Galvani discovered that the muscles of dead frog legs twitched when struck by direct current on the nervous system. [48]

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