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  2. Mahmud Shah of Malacca - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mahmud_Shah_of_Malacca

    Sultan Mahmud Shah ibni Almarhum Sultan Alauddin Riayat Shah (died 1528) ruled the Sultanate of Malacca from 1488 to 1511, and again as pretender to the throne from 1513 to 1528. He was son to Sultan Alauddin Riayat Shah. [1]: 246 As a monarch, he was known to be ruthless ruler. After the capture of Malacca and the downfall of the century long ...

  3. Malay–Portuguese conflicts - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malay–Portuguese_conflicts

    Following the marriage alliance established in the same year between Sultan Mahmud and the deposed Sultan of Melaka, Mahmud Shah of Bintan. Ignorant of this development, Albuquerque sent three ships to the port of Pahang for provisions, where two of his captains and 30 men were killed. The third escaped, but was destroyed with all his men at Java.

  4. Gujarati–Portuguese conflicts - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gujarati–Portuguese...

    It was the influence of powerful Gujarati merchant elites that caused sultan Mahmud Shah of Malacca in the Malay peninsula to turn on the Portuguese when they reached that city in 1509. Malacca was the chief center of Gujarati trade overseas, 1000 merchants settled there in the fifteenth century and about 4000 to 5000 visited the city yearly to ...

  5. Capture of Malacca (1511) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capture_of_Malacca_(1511)

    Contrary to Sultan Mahmud Shah's hopes, Albuquerque did not intend to just sack the city, but to hold it permanently. He ordered the construction of a fortress close to the shoreline, which became known as A Famosa , due to its unusually tall keep , over 18 meters (59 ft) high.

  6. Siege of Bintan - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siege_of_Bintan

    In 1511, the second Governor of Portuguese India Afonso de Albuquerque captured the Malay city of Malacca. Sultan Mahmud Shah fled with his forces to Bintan, where he usurped its ruler. He built a new city and fleet there, and continuously harassed Portuguese Malacca and its shipping.

  7. Malacca Sultanate - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malacca_Sultanate

    Muzaffar Shah was invited by the people in the north of the peninsula to become their ruler, establishing the Sultanate of Perak. Meanwhile, Mahmud Shah's other son, Alauddin succeeded his father and established the Sultanate of Johor. Malacca was later conquered by the Dutch in a joint military campaign in January 1641.

  8. Battle of Pago - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Pago

    The second governor of Portuguese India Afonso de Albuquerque captured the Malay city of Malacca in 1511, but the Sultan of Malacca Mahmud Shah survived the battle and fled with his Court and army. He later built a base at Pago, upstream of the Muar River, from where he harassed the city of Malacca by land and sea, in the hopes of recovering it ...

  9. Battle of Muar River - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Muar_river

    In 1521, having defeated a Portuguese attempt to capture and destroy the Sultan of Malacca Mahmud Shah's base, attacks on Portuguese shipping increased from that time onwards, [1] which laid a heavy burden on Portuguese operations.