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  2. Classical electromagnetism and special relativity - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Classical_electromagnetism...

    The theory of special relativity plays an important role in the modern theory of classical electromagnetism.It gives formulas for how electromagnetic objects, in particular the electric and magnetic fields, are altered under a Lorentz transformation from one inertial frame of reference to another.

  3. Electromagnetism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electromagnetism

    The electromagnetic force is one of the four fundamental forces of nature. It is the dominant force in the interactions of atoms and molecules. Electromagnetism can be thought of as a combination of electrostatics and magnetism, which are distinct but closely intertwined phenomena. Electromagnetic forces occur between any two charged particles.

  4. Electromagnetic field - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electromagnetic_field

    A notable application of visible light is that this type of energy from the Sun powers all life on Earth that either makes or uses oxygen. A changing electromagnetic field which is physically close to currents and charges (see near and far field for a definition of "close") will have a dipole characteristic that is dominated by either a ...

  5. Introduction to electromagnetism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Introduction_to...

    In some materials, the electrons are bound to the atomic nuclei and so are not free to move around but the energy required to set them free is low. In these materials, called semiconductors, the conductivity is low at low temperatures but as the temperature is increased the electrons gain more thermal energy and the conductivity increases. [27]

  6. Electromagnetic radiation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electromagnetic_radiation

    In physics, electromagnetic radiation (EMR) is the set of waves of an electromagnetic (EM) field, which propagate through space and carry momentum and electromagnetic radiant energy. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] Classically , electromagnetic radiation consists of electromagnetic waves , which are synchronized oscillations of electric and magnetic fields .

  7. Metamaterial cloaking - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metamaterial_cloaking

    Transformation optics subscribes to the capability of bending light, or electromagnetic waves and energy, in any preferred or desired fashion, for a desired application. Maxwell's equations do not vary even though coordinates transform. Instead it is the values of the chosen parameters of the materials which "transform", or alter, during a ...

  8. Relativistic electromagnetism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Relativistic_electromagnetism

    Such a royal route to electromagnetic understanding may be lacking, but a path has been opened with differential geometry: The tangent space at an event in spacetime is a four-dimensional vector space, operable by linear transformations

  9. Energy transformation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Energy_transformation

    Energy transformation, also known as energy conversion, is the process of changing energy from one form to another. [1] In physics , energy is a quantity that provides the capacity to perform work or moving (e.g. lifting an object) or provides heat .