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The trapezoidal rule converges rapidly for periodic functions. This is an easy consequence of the Euler-Maclaurin summation formula , which says that if f {\displaystyle f} is p {\displaystyle p} times continuously differentiable with period T {\displaystyle T} ∑ k = 0 N − 1 f ( k h ) h = ∫ 0 T f ( x ) d x + ∑ k = 1 ⌊ p / 2 ⌋ B 2 k ...
There are several ways to mathematically define quasicrystalline patterns. One definition, the "cut and project" construction, is based on the work of Harald Bohr (mathematician brother of Niels Bohr). The concept of an almost periodic function (also called a quasiperiodic function) was studied by Bohr, including work of Bohl and Escanglon. [47]
For functions in certain classes, the problem of determining: whether two functions are equal, known as the zero-equivalence problem (see Richardson's theorem); [4] the zeroes of a function; whether the indefinite integral of a function is also in the class. [5] Of course, some subclasses of these problems are decidable.
A Fourier series (/ ˈ f ʊr i eɪ,-i ər / [1]) is an expansion of a periodic function into a sum of trigonometric functions. The Fourier series is an example of a trigonometric series. [2] By expressing a function as a sum of sines and cosines, many problems involving the function become easier to analyze because trigonometric functions are ...
In plane geometry, the einstein problem asks about the existence of a single prototile that by itself forms an aperiodic set of prototiles; that is, a shape that can tessellate space but only in a nonperiodic way.
A periodic function, also called a periodic waveform (or simply periodic wave), is a function that repeats its values at regular intervals or periods. The repeatable part of the function or waveform is called a cycle . [ 1 ]
In mathematics, some functions or groups of functions are important enough to deserve their own names. This is a listing of articles which explain some of these functions in more detail. There is a large theory of special functions which developed out of statistics and mathematical physics.
In mathematics, a quasiperiodic function is a function that has a certain similarity to a periodic function. [1] A function f {\displaystyle f} is quasiperiodic with quasiperiod ω {\displaystyle \omega } if f ( z + ω ) = g ( z , f ( z ) ) {\displaystyle f(z+\omega )=g(z,f(z))} , where g {\displaystyle g} is a " simpler " function than f ...