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The Kermadec–Tonga subduction zone is a convergent plate boundary that stretches from the North Island of New Zealand northward. The formation of the Kermadec and Tonga plates started about 4–5 million years ago. Today, the eastern boundary of the Tonga plate is one of the fastest subduction zones, with a rate up to 24 cm/year (9.4 in/year ...
The Tonga–Kermadec Ridge is an oceanic ridge in the south-west Pacific Ocean underlying the Tonga–Kermadec island arc.It is a result of the most linear, fastest converging, and seismically active subduction boundary on Earth, the Kermadec–Tonga subduction zone, and consequently has the highest density of submarine volcanoes.
In August 2019, news media reported a large pumice raft floating in the South Pacific between Fiji and Tonga. [6] Subsequent scientific investigations revealed the pumice raft originated from the eruption of a nearby submarine volcano, which was directly observed as a volcanic plume in satellite images. [7]
Map of world's major seamounts. A list of active and extinct submarine volcanoes and seamounts located under the world's oceans. There are estimated to be 40,000 to 55,000 seamounts in the global oceans. [1] Almost all are not well-mapped and many may not have been identified at all. Most are unnamed and unexplored.
Tofua caldera. Tofua is a volcanic island in Tonga.Located in the Haʻapai island group, it is a steep-sided composite cone with a summit caldera.It is part of the highly active Kermadec-Tonga subduction zone and its associated volcanic arc, which extends from New Zealand north-northeast to Fiji, and is formed by the subduction of the Pacific Plate under the Indo-Australian Plate. [2]
A team of Chilean and American scientists ventured to a place where no human has ever gone before. And although it may sound like a space voyage straight out of a Star Trek episode, this real-life ...
Bermuda rise Muir Seamount is a seamount ( underwater volcano ), located at 33°43.20′N 62°29.40′W / 33.72000°N 62.49000°W / 33.72000; -62.49000 It is located in the Bermuda rise , a seismically active region, and was the site of an earthquake on 24 March 1978.
The volcano that built the island's basement is inferred to be mid-plate hotspot volcanism, and was formed when a disturbance in the transition zone led magma from the zone toward Earth's surface. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ 3 ] Eolian limestone and hills dominates much of the surface geology of Bermuda, interbedded with layers of paleosols .