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Bromoform was discovered in 1832 by Löwig who distilled a mixture of bromal and potassium hydroxide, as analogous to preparation of chloroform from chloral. [5]Bromoform can be prepared by the haloform reaction using acetone and sodium hypobromite, by the electrolysis of potassium bromide in ethanol, or by treating chloroform with aluminium bromide.
The EPA limits the total concentration of the four chief constituents (chloroform, bromoform, bromodichloromethane, and dibromochloromethane), referred to as total trihalomethanes (TTHM), to 80 parts per billion in treated water. [6] Traces of chloroform are produced in swimming pools. [7] [8] [9] [10]
Representative agents include bromoform and dibromodimethylhydantoin ("DBDMH"). [7] Some herbicides, such as bromoxynil , contain also bromine moieties. Like other halogenated pesticides , bromoxynil is subject to reductive dehalogenation under anaerobic conditions, and can be debrominated by organisms originally isolated for their ability to ...
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In 1847, Scottish obstetrician James Y. Simpson was the first to demonstrate the anaesthetic properties of chloroform, provided by local pharmacist William Flockhart of Duncan, Flockhart and company, [28] in humans, and helped to popularize the drug for use in medicine. [29] By the 1850s, chloroform was being produced on a commercial basis.
Bromomethane, commonly known as methyl bromide, is an organobromine compound with formula C H 3 Br.This colorless, odorless, nonflammable gas is produced both industrially and biologically.
In chemistry, the haloform reaction (also referred to as the Lieben haloform reaction) is a chemical reaction in which a haloform (CHX 3, where X is a halogen) is produced by the exhaustive halogenation of an acetyl group (R−C(=O)CH 3, where R can be either a hydrogen atom, an alkyl or an aryl group), in the presence of a base.
The exhaled human breath contains a few thousand volatile organic compounds and is used in breath biopsy to serve as a VOC biomarker to test for diseases, [93] such as lung cancer. [99] One study has shown that "volatile organic compounds ... are mainly blood borne and therefore enable monitoring of different processes in the body."