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  2. Laser diode rate equations - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laser_diode_rate_equations

    The laser diode rate equations model the electrical and optical performance of a laser diode. This system of ordinary differential equations relates the number or density of photons and charge carriers in the device to the injection current and to device and material parameters such as carrier lifetime, photon lifetime, and the optical gain.

  3. Lasing threshold - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lasing_threshold

    Above threshold, the slope of power vs. excitation is orders of magnitude greater. The linewidth of the laser's emission also becomes orders of magnitude smaller above the threshold than it is below. Above the threshold, the laser is said to be lasing. The term "lasing" is a back formation from "laser," which is an acronym, not an agent noun.

  4. Laser diode - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laser_diode

    The laser diode epitaxial structure is grown using one of the crystal growth techniques, usually starting from an N-doped substrate, and growing the I (undoped) active layer, followed by the P-doped cladding, and a contact layer. The active layer most often consists of quantum wells, which provide lower threshold current and higher efficiency. [1]

  5. Semiconductor laser theory - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semiconductor_laser_theory

    Semiconductor lasers or laser diodes play an important part in our everyday lives by providing cheap and compact-size lasers. They consist of complex multi-layer structures requiring nanometer scale accuracy and an elaborate design. Their theoretical description is important not only from a fundamental point of view, but also in order to ...

  6. Quantum well laser - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quantum_well_laser

    The original 1975 demonstration of optically pumped quantum-well lasers had threshold power density of 35 kW/cm 2. Ultimately, it was found that the lowest practical threshold current density in any quantum-well laser is 40 Amperes/cm 2, a reduction of approximately 1,000x. [10] [full citation needed]

  7. Vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vertical-cavity_surface...

    Diagram of a simple VCSEL structure. The vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL / ˈ v ɪ k s əl /) is a type of semiconductor laser diode with laser beam emission perpendicular from the top surface, contrary to conventional edge-emitting semiconductor lasers (also called in-plane lasers) which emit from surfaces formed by cleaving the individual chip out of a wafer.

  8. Interband cascade laser - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interband_cascade_laser

    In a cascade laser, the wells are connected in series, meaning that the voltage is higher but the current is lower. This tradeoff is beneficial because the input power dissipated by the device's series resistance, R s, is equal to I 2 R s, where I is the electric current flowing through the device. Thus, the lower current in a cascade laser ...

  9. Slope efficiency - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slope_efficiency

    The slope efficiency is an important property of a laser. It is obtained by plotting the laser output power against the input pump power. Above the lasing threshold, the resulting curve is usually close to a straight line. The slope efficiency is the slope of this line. Slope efficiency can similarly be defined in terms of output and input ...

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