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2. Mining - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mining

   Mining is the extraction of valuable geological materials and minerals from the surface of the Earth. Mining is required to obtain most materials that cannot be grown through agricultural processes , or feasibly created artificially in a laboratory or factory.

3. Outline of mining - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Outline_of_mining

   high grade ores are rich in the mineral desired, low-grade ores have less of the mineral desired; Gangue, minerals within the ore that are not desired; these are removed during ore processing; Vein (geology) a geological formation that often contains ore; Overburden, the material on top of a given mineral deposit (in surface mining, it has to ...

4. Rock (geology) - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rock_(geology)

   Mining is the extraction of valuable minerals or other geological materials from the earth, from an ore body, vein or seam. [35] The term also includes the removal of soil. Materials recovered by mining include base metals , precious metals , iron , uranium , coal , diamonds , limestone , oil shale , rock salt , potash , construction aggregate ...

5. Sand mining - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sand_mining

   Sand pit along the Mississippi River, United States Artificial lake with frac sand dredger. Sand mining is the extraction of sand, mainly through an open pit (or sand pit) [1] [failed verification] [2] but sometimes mined from beaches and inland dunes or dredged from ocean and river beds. [3]

6. Mining engineering - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mining_engineering

   Surface gold mine with haul truck in foreground, in Kalgoorlie, Australia. Mining in the engineering discipline is the extraction of minerals from the ground. Mining engineering is associated with many other disciplines, such as mineral processing, exploration, excavation, geology, metallurgy, geotechnical engineering and surveying.

7. In situ leach - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/In_situ_leach

   Leaching solution is pumped into the deposit where it comes in contact with the ore. The solution bearing the dissolved ore content is then pumped to the surface and processed. This process allows the extraction of metals and salts from an ore body without the need for conventional mining involving drill-and-blast, open-cut or underground mining.

8. Exploitation of natural resources - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exploitation_of_natural...

   Today, about 80% of the world's energy consumption is sustained by the extraction of fossil fuels, which consists of oil, coal and natural gas. [4] Another non-renewable resource humans exploit is subsoil minerals, such as precious metals, mainly used to produce industrial commodities.

9. Extractive metallurgy - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Extractive_metallurgy

   Extractive metallurgy is a branch of metallurgical engineering wherein process and methods of extraction of metals from their natural mineral deposits are studied. The field is a materials science, covering all aspects of the types of ore, washing, concentration, separation, chemical processes and extraction of pure metal and their alloying to suit various applications, sometimes for direct ...