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Long Valley Caldera is a depression in eastern California that is adjacent to Mammoth Mountain. The valley is one of the Earth's largest calderas , measuring about 20 mi (32 km) long (east-west), 11 mi (18 km) wide (north-south), and up to 3,000 ft (910 m) deep.
The Long Valley Caldera was formed by a super-eruption about 760,000 years ago that blasted 140 cubic miles of magma, covering much of east-central California in hot ash that was blown as far away ...
The magma source for Mammoth Mountain is distinct from those of both the Long Valley Caldera and the Inyo Craters. [ 3 ] [ 11 ] [ 12 ] Mammoth Mountain is composed primarily of dacite and rhyolite , [ 13 ] part of which has been altered by hydrothermal activity from fumaroles (steam vents).
A long-quiet yet massive super volcano, dubbed the "Long Valley Caldera," has the potential to unleash a fiery hell across the planet, and the magma-filled mountain has a history of doing so.
[8]: 289 This magma chamber is separate from the magma chamber under Long Valley Caldera. [21] The recent eruptions of the Mono Craters have been similar in volume and nearly identical in composition ("crystal-poor high-silica rhyolite") to those of Glass Mountain that preceded the Long Valley Caldera-forming eruption. [10]
In 2012, the Long Valley Observatory was integrated into the new California Volcano Observatory based in Menlo Park, California which covers the entire states of California and Nevada, this includes the southern Cascade Range volcanoes in the state of California which were previously under the jurisdiction of the Cascades Volcano Observatory.
The system in the Long Valley Caldera is recharged primarily from snowmelt in the highlands around the western and southern rims of the caldera. The meltwater infiltrates to depths of a few kilometers (or miles), where some is heated to at least 430 °F (220 °C) by hot rock near the Inyo craters. The heated water, kept from boiling by high ...
Kapenga Caldera Taupō Volcanic Zone: Unknown 680 Matahana A 7 Kapenga Caldera Taupō Volcanic Zone: Unknown 710 Waiotapu Ignimbrite 7 Long Valley Caldera: Eastern California: 790 760 Bishop Tuff: 7 Kapenga Caldera Taupō Volcanic Zone: Unknown 830 Matahana B 7 Calabozos: Andes, Southern Volcanic Zone Unknown 840 Loma Seca Tuff-Unit L 8 ...